Fotokatalitikus

Fotokatalitikus refers to processes involving photocatalysis. Photocatalysis is a chemical reaction that is stimulated by the absorption of light. In a photocatalytic process, a substance known as a photocatalyst is used. This photocatalyst absorbs photons (light particles) and gains energy. This energy is then used to facilitate a chemical reaction, often by breaking down or transforming other substances. A common example is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is widely used in photocatalytic applications.

The mechanism typically involves the photocatalyst absorbing light energy, which excites electrons within its structure. These excited electrons can then react with molecules like water or oxygen, generating reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals or superoxide radicals. These highly reactive species are potent oxidizing agents and can break down organic pollutants, bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants. The process is often referred to as "light-activated catalysis."

Photokatalitikus processes have numerous applications. They are employed in self-cleaning surfaces, air and water purification systems, and in the degradation of organic pollutants. The ability of photocatalysts to break down harmful substances using light makes them an environmentally friendly technology. Research continues to explore new photocatalytic materials and optimize existing processes for greater efficiency and broader applicability.