Fosfaadiväetiste

Fosfaadiväetised are a category of fertilizers that primarily supply phosphorus to plants. Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient crucial for plant growth and development, playing a vital role in energy transfer, photosynthesis, and root development. Fosfaadiväetised are manufactured from phosphate rock, which is a naturally occurring mineral deposit containing high concentrations of phosphorus. The processing of phosphate rock typically involves acidulation with sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to convert insoluble phosphorus compounds into more soluble forms that plants can readily absorb.

Common types of fosfaadiväetised include single superphosphate (SSP), triple superphosphate (TSP), and diammonium phosphate (DAP). SSP contains about 16-20% phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), while TSP contains around 46% P2O5. DAP is a popular choice as it provides both phosphorus and nitrogen. The effectiveness of fosfaadiväetised depends on soil pH, as phosphorus availability decreases in highly acidic or alkaline soils. Regular soil testing is recommended to determine the appropriate type and application rate of fosfaadiväetised needed for optimal crop yields. Over-application can lead to environmental issues such as eutrophication of water bodies due to phosphorus runoff.