Forgatókar

A forgatókar, also known as a lever arm or crank, is a mechanical device used to convert rotational motion into linear motion, or vice versa. It consists of a rigid rod or bar that pivots on a fixed point, known as the fulcrum. The input force is applied at one end of the rod, while the output force is exerted at the other end. The distance between the fulcrum and the points where the input and output forces are applied determines the mechanical advantage of the lever.

Forgatókar can be classified into three types based on the position of the fulcrum relative to the input and output forces:

1. First-class lever: The fulcrum is located between the input and output forces. Examples include a seesaw or a crowbar.

2. Second-class lever: The output force is located between the fulcrum and the input force. Examples include a wheelbarrow or a bottle opener.

3. Third-class lever: The input force is located between the fulcrum and the output force. Examples include a tweezers or a human arm.

The mechanical advantage of a forgatókar is the ratio of the output force to the input force. It can be calculated using the formula: Mechanical Advantage = (Distance from Fulcrum to Output Force) / (Distance from Fulcrum to Input Force). Forgatókar are widely used in various mechanical systems, tools, and machines to amplify forces, change the direction of motion, or transmit power.