FlüssigphasenExtraktion

FlüssigphasenExtraktion (LPE) is a separation process used to extract one or more components from a liquid mixture. It is based on the principle that different substances have different solubilities in two immiscible liquids, typically an organic solvent and water. The process involves the following steps:

1. Mixing: The liquid mixture is combined with the organic solvent in a mixer. The components of the mixture dissolve in the organic solvent to different extents, depending on their solubilities.

2. Settling: The mixture is allowed to settle, allowing the two liquid phases to separate due to their different densities. The organic phase, which is typically lighter, floats on top of the aqueous phase.

3. Extraction: The organic phase is removed and can be reused for subsequent extractions. The aqueous phase, which contains the extracted components, is discarded or further processed.

4. Back-extraction: If necessary, the extracted components can be back-extracted from the organic phase into a new aqueous phase. This is done by mixing the organic phase with a fresh aqueous phase and allowing the phases to separate.

LPE is widely used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries for the purification and separation of organic compounds. It is particularly useful for the extraction of heat-sensitive compounds, as the process is typically carried out at room temperature. However, it can be energy-intensive and may require the use of hazardous solvents.