Flarks

A flark is a type of wetland found in the Arctic and subarctic regions. They are characterized by their shallow, pond-like depressions filled with water and interspersed with hummocks or tussocks of sedges and grasses. Flarks are often found in conjunction with string bogs and fens, and their formation is thought to be related to permafrost dynamics and thaw processes. The water in flarks is typically nutrient-rich, supporting a variety of plant and animal life adapted to these cold, wet environments.

These wetlands are crucial habitats for migratory birds, insects, and small mammals. The shallow water and abundant vegetation provide essential breeding grounds and food sources. Flarks are also important for carbon cycling, as the waterlogged conditions can lead to the accumulation of organic matter. The extent and distribution of flarks can be influenced by climate change, with warming temperatures potentially altering permafrost stability and the hydrological regimes of these unique ecosystems. Their presence is a significant indicator of periglacial environments.