Fibrinolyyttiset

Fibrinolyyttiset is a Finnish term referring to fibrinolytic agents or processes. Fibrinolysis is a crucial biological process that breaks down blood clots, also known as fibrin clots. This process is essential for maintaining healthy blood circulation by preventing excessive clot formation and clearing clots after tissue repair is complete.

The primary component of fibrinolysis is the enzyme plasmin, which is a protease capable of degrading fibrin, the main structural protein of a blood clot. Plasmin is generated from its inactive precursor, plasminogen, which is found in the blood. This conversion is catalyzed by activators, the most important of which is tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Other activators include urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA).

Conversely, fibrinolysis is regulated by inhibitors that prevent premature or excessive clot breakdown. Key inhibitors include plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and alpha-2-antiplasmin. These inhibitors ensure that clots remain stable until they are no longer needed.

Therapeutic agents that promote fibrinolysis are called fibrinolytic drugs, often referred to as thrombolytics. These medications are used medically to dissolve blood clots that cause serious conditions such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), pulmonary embolism, and ischemic stroke. Examples of fibrinolytic drugs include streptokinase, alteplase (a recombinant t-PA), and tenecteplase. These drugs are administered intravenously to restore blood flow by breaking down the clot causing the blockage. The use of fibrinolytic agents requires careful medical supervision due to the risk of bleeding.