Fiberscotton

Fiberscotton is the natural fiber produced by the cotton plant. It consists of cellulose and forms the soft, staple fibers that surround the seeds. In textile production, cotton fiber is valued for softness, breathability, and absorbency.

Cotton is grown in warm climates around the world. Major producers include China, India, the United States, Pakistan, and Brazil. After harvest, ginning separates seeds from the lint, producing clean cotton fiber that can be spun into yarn.

Cotton fibers are typically 10 to 20 micrometers in diameter, with staple lengths ranging from about 12 to 60 mm depending on variety (short-staple vs long-staple). Longer staple fibers yield stronger, finer yarns and smoother fabrics. Cotton is highly absorbent, can hold significant moisture, and takes dyes well, but it has limited elasticity and burns readily.

Processing involves ginning, cleaning, and carding to align fibers, followed by combing (for finer yarns), drawing, roving, and spinning. The resulting yarn can be woven or knitted into fabrics; finishing steps such as bleaching, dyeing, and mercerization are common to improve color, luster, and strength.

Environmental considerations include land and water use, pesticide exposure in conventional cultivation, and the impact of textile processing. Organic cotton and improved farming practices aim to reduce chemical inputs. Cotton fiber is biodegradable and recyclable to a degree, though textile waste from blends can be challenging to recycle.