Fergana

Fergana is a city in eastern Uzbekistan and the capital of Fergana Region. It lies in the center of the Fergana Valley along the Fergana River and serves as a regional economic and cultural hub.

Geography and climate: The city sits in the fertile Fergana Valley, a low-lying plain between the Alay and Turkestan ranges. The area benefits from irrigation networks; the climate is continental, with hot summers and cold winters, supporting agriculture and horticulture.

History: The region has ancient roots and was part of several Central Asian polities along the Silk Road. It came under the Russian Empire in the 19th century as part of Turkestan, and later developed industrial capacity during the Soviet era. Following Uzbekistan’s independence in 1991, Fergana became the administrative center of its region.

Economy: The economy is based on agriculture—especially cotton and fruit production—along with light industry, processing, and trade. The city serves as a distribution and transport link within the valley.

Demographics and culture: The population is predominantly Uzbek, with minorities including Tajiks, Kyrgyz, and Russians. Uzbek is the main language, and Russian remains common in administration and business. Local culture includes bazaars, mosques, and traditional crafts.

Transportation: Fergana is served by Fergana International Airport and is connected by road and rail to other Uzbek cities and neighboring regions.