Fenüülrühm

Fenüülrühm, also known as a phenyl group, is a functional group in organic chemistry. It is derived from a benzene ring by the removal of one hydrogen atom. Its chemical formula is C6H5. The phenyl group is a planar, cyclic structure with alternating single and double bonds within the ring, giving it aromatic character. This aromaticity contributes to its stability.

The phenyl group is a common substituent in many organic molecules. It can be attached to various other atoms or functional groups, influencing the properties of the resulting compound. For example, when attached to an alkyl chain, it forms a compound like ethylbenzene. It plays a role in the structure and reactivity of many pharmaceuticals, dyes, and polymers.

Due to the delocalized pi electrons in the benzene ring, the phenyl group can undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. However, its presence also affects the reactivity of the rest of the molecule. It is a relatively bulky group and can impart lipophilicity (fat-solubility) to a molecule. The phenyl group is a fundamental building block in organic chemistry, and understanding its properties is crucial for comprehending the behavior of a vast array of organic compounds.