Fejlanalyseværktøjer

Fejlanalyseværktøjer are instruments and methodologies used to systematically investigate the root causes of failures or defects in systems, processes, or products. The primary goal is to prevent recurrence by understanding why an error occurred.

Commonly used tools include the Five Whys, a simple questioning technique that repeatedly asks "why" to drill down to the underlying cause. Another is the Fishbone Diagram, also known as an Ishikawa diagram, which visually categorizes potential causes into main branches such as people, process, equipment, materials, environment, and measurement. The Pareto Chart helps prioritize problems by displaying their frequency in descending order, illustrating the Pareto principle that a small number of causes often lead to a large proportion of effects. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a proactive tool used to identify potential failure modes in a design or process and assess their impact. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down deductive failure analysis where a system's state is analyzed using Boolean logic to combine a series of lower-level events.

The selection of a specific tool often depends on the complexity of the issue, the available data, and the desired level of detail in the analysis. Effective use of these tools requires a structured approach, a willingness to involve relevant stakeholders, and a commitment to implementing corrective actions.