Faradayilmiöt

Faradayilmiöt refers to phenomena related to electromagnetism, particularly the interaction between electricity and magnetism. The most prominent of these is Faraday's law of induction, discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831. This law states that a changing magnetic field through a loop of wire will induce an electromotive force (EMF), which is essentially a voltage, in the wire. This induced voltage can drive an electric current if the circuit is closed.

The magnitude of the induced EMF is directly proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux. Magnetic flux is a measure of the total magnetic field passing through a given area. Therefore, if the magnetic field strength changes, or if the area through which the field passes changes, or if the orientation of the field relative to the area changes, an EMF will be induced. The direction of the induced current, according to Lenz's law, opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.

Faraday's law of induction is a cornerstone of electrical engineering and is fundamental to the operation of many modern technologies. It is the principle behind electric generators, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by rotating coils of wire in magnetic fields or by rotating magnets near stationary coils. Transformers, which are used to step up or step down voltages in alternating current (AC) circuits, also rely on electromagnetic induction. The changing current in one coil creates a changing magnetic field, which then induces a voltage in a nearby secondary coil. Other applications include induction cooktops, magnetic card readers, and various sensors.