Falango

Falango, also known as the Falange Española de las JONS (Spanish Phalanx of the National Syndicalist Youth), was a far-right political party in Spain. Founded in 1933 by José Antonio Primo de Rivera, the Falange was a fascist organization that advocated for a corporatist state, national syndicalism, and anti-communism. The party's ideology was heavily influenced by Italian fascism and Spanish traditionalism, and it sought to create a strong, authoritarian state led by a single leader.

The Falange gained significant popularity during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), when it fought alongside the Nationalists against the Republican government. After the war, the Falange was outlawed and its leader, Primo de Rivera, was assassinated. However, the party continued to operate clandestinely and played a significant role in the Spanish transition to democracy in the 1970s.

The Falange's symbol was the falange, a bundle of fascist-style rods, and its members wore a distinctive uniform consisting of a black shirt, a red armband, and a black beret. The party's ideology was based on the principles of corporatism, which advocated for the organization of society into economic and social corporations, and national syndicalism, which sought to combine elements of fascism and syndicalism.

The Falange's influence waned in the 1980s, and it was eventually absorbed into the Partido Popular (People's Party), a conservative political party that continues to be active in Spanish politics today. The Falange's legacy remains a controversial and divisive topic in Spanish political discourse, with some viewing it as a symbol of fascism and others seeing it as a legitimate political force.