Fagositopeni

Fagositopeni refers to a condition characterized by a deficiency in phagocytes, which are a type of white blood cell crucial for the immune system. Phagocytes, such as neutrophils and macrophages, play a vital role in engulfing and destroying foreign particles like bacteria, viruses, and cellular debris. When their numbers are abnormally low, the body's ability to combat infections is significantly impaired.

The causes of fagositopeni can be varied. It can be congenital, meaning present at birth due to genetic defects that affect the production or function of phagocytes. Acquired fagositopeni can develop later in life and may result from certain medical conditions, such as autoimmune diseases where the body mistakenly attacks its own phagocytes, or as a side effect of treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which can suppress bone marrow function. Certain medications can also contribute to low phagocyte counts.

Symptoms of fagositopeni often revolve around an increased susceptibility to infections. Individuals may experience frequent or severe bacterial infections, prolonged fevers, and slow-healing wounds. The severity of fagositopeni and the specific type of phagocyte affected can influence the types of infections that are most common. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure the number and types of white blood cells. Treatment strategies depend on the underlying cause and may include managing the primary condition, discontinuing causative medications, or in severe cases, bone marrow transplantation.