Fagocitados

Fagocitados refers to the process of phagocytosis, a crucial cellular mechanism in which a cell engulfs large particles or other cells. This process is primarily carried out by specialized cells known as phagocytes, which include types of white blood cells like macrophages and neutrophils. Phagocytosis is essential for the immune system to clear pathogens, cellular debris, and foreign substances.

The process begins with the phagocyte recognizing the target particle, often through specific receptors on its surface. Once recognized, the phagocyte extends its cell membrane, forming pseudopods that surround the particle. These pseudopods then fuse, enclosing the particle within a membrane-bound vesicle called a phagosome. The phagosome then fuses with a lysosome, an organelle containing digestive enzymes. This fusion creates a phagolysosome, where the engulfed material is broken down and neutralized.

Phagocytosis plays a vital role in both innate and adaptive immunity. In innate immunity, it's a primary defense against invading microorganisms. In adaptive immunity, phagocytes like macrophages present fragments of engulfed pathogens to other immune cells, initiating a more specific and targeted immune response. Beyond immunity, phagocytosis is also involved in tissue remodeling and development, clearing apoptotic cells, and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Dysfunction in phagocytosis can lead to increased susceptibility to infections and various inflammatory diseases.