Extintivo

Extintivo is a term used to describe substances and devices designed to suppress fires. In everyday use it usually refers to fire extinguishers and fixed or portable extinguishing systems as well as the extinguishing media they deploy. Extintivos are selected based on the fire class, the environment, and the potential for collateral damage.

Common handheld extintivos include water-based, foam, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, and wet chemical extinguishers. Each type has a rating indicating the fire classes it can safely suppress: A for ordinary combustibles, B for flammable liquids, C for electrical equipment, D for metals, F for cooking oils. Some extinguishers are multipurpose (ABC, AB, etc.).

Fixed systems and portable extinguishers require regular inspection and maintenance. Training on the PASS method (Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep) improves effectiveness. Extintivos should be chosen with consideration to the environment, potential hazards, and accessibility.

Extintivos have limitations and can be dangerous if used improperly, especially on electrical equipment or on fires involving energized electrical devices. Environmental concerns have led to restrictions on certain halogenated agents, while many modern systems rely on clean agents or non-halogenated powders. Maintenance involves periodic testing and documentation.