Etyleenialkoksidi

Etyleenialkoksidi, also known as ethylene oxide (EO), is an organic compound with the chemical formula C2H4O. It is a colorless gas at room temperature and pressure, with a faint sweet odor. Ethylene oxide is a highly reactive and flammable substance. It is an epoxide, a three-membered ring containing two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.

Ethylene oxide is primarily produced by the direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen over a silver catalyst. The major industrial use of ethylene oxide is as a chemical intermediate for the production of other chemicals. It is a precursor to ethylene glycol, which is widely used as antifreeze and in the production of polyester fibers and resins. EO is also used to produce ethoxylates, which are non-ionic surfactants found in detergents, emulsifiers, and dispersants.

A significant application of ethylene oxide is for sterilization. Due to its ability to penetrate packaging and kill microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, it is used to sterilize medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, and other heat-sensitive materials. However, ethylene oxide is a known carcinogen and mutagen, and exposure can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Strict safety measures are required during its handling and use.