Ethmoidit

Ethmoiditis is an inflammation of the ethmoid sinuses, which are air-filled cavities located within the ethmoid bone of the skull. This bone is situated between the eyes and forms part of the nasal cavity. Ethmoiditis is a common form of sinusitis, which is the general term for inflammation of the sinuses. It can affect adults and children alike.

The inflammation is typically caused by infections, most frequently viral, but bacterial infections can also be a cause. Allergies, nasal polyps, and irritants like smoke or pollution can also contribute to or exacerbate ethmoiditis. Symptoms often include pain and tenderness in the area between and behind the eyes, a blocked or stuffy nose, and discharge from the nose. This discharge may be clear or colored, and can sometimes drip down the back of the throat causing a sore throat. Other symptoms can include a reduced sense of smell, headache, and a general feeling of malaise.

Diagnosis of ethmoiditis usually involves a physical examination, a review of symptoms, and sometimes imaging tests like a CT scan to visualize the sinuses. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. For viral infections, supportive care such as rest, hydration, and over-the-counter pain relievers may be recommended. For bacterial infections, antibiotics are prescribed. Nasal corticosteroids and saline rinses can help reduce inflammation and clear mucus. In cases where ethmoiditis is chronic or caused by structural issues like polyps, further medical intervention may be necessary.