Erijuhtimise

Erijuhtimise is a framework of specialized governance measures activated during severe crises to preserve essential state functions and public safety. It encompasses command and control, resource mobilization, legal authorization, and coordination among agencies.

Derived from Estonian eri- ('special') and juhtimine ('management' or 'governance'), the term denotes a temporary, extraordinary mode of administration.

Usually triggered by a designated authority, such as the prime minister or a crisis management council, under a crisis act or emergency powers statute. It is designed to ensure continuity of government and critical services during upheaval and may include oversight mechanisms.

Institutional architecture typically includes a crisis management center, incident command structures, civil-military coordination, and rapid information-sharing networks. Decision-making is centralized to reduce delays, while accountability channels remain in place for after-action review.

Scope covers natural disasters, major accidents, public-health emergencies, cyber incidents, and large-scale security disruptions. Instruments may involve centralized procurement, infrastructure protection, temporary restrictions on travel or assemblies, and cross-border cooperation, with sunset provisions to revert to normal governance.

History and critique: The concept evolved in the mid-to-late 20th century as risks grew more complex. Proponents stress resilience and continuity; critics warn of potential rights violations, lack of transparency, and the need for robust checks and timely demobilization.