Epäjalot

Epäjalot is a Finnish term that translates to "base metals" in English. It refers to a group of metallic elements that are not considered noble metals due to their tendency to corrode or oxidize. Unlike noble metals such as gold, silver, and platinum, which are highly resistant to chemical reactions, base metals are more reactive. This reactivity means they can readily form compounds with other elements, often resulting in tarnish or rust.

Common examples of base metals include iron, copper, lead, zinc, and nickel. These metals are widely used in various industries due to their abundance, lower cost compared to noble metals, and specific properties. Iron, for instance, is the backbone of construction and manufacturing due to its strength. Copper is essential for electrical wiring and plumbing due to its conductivity and malleability. Zinc is often used as a protective coating for steel (galvanization) to prevent rust, while lead has historically been used in batteries and plumbing, though its use has declined due to toxicity concerns. Nickel finds application in alloys like stainless steel and in coin production.

The distinction between base metals and noble metals is primarily based on their electrochemical potential and reactivity. Base metals have a more negative standard electrode potential, indicating they are more easily oxidized. This characteristic makes them more susceptible to degradation when exposed to air, moisture, or acids. Despite their propensity to corrode, the properties and economic significance of base metals make them indispensable in modern society.