Epeisodoi

An epeisodion (plural epeisodoi) is a unit of action in ancient Greek drama, representing a stretch of forward-moving dialogue and scenes that unfolds between successive choral songs, or stasima. In the standard account of tragedy outlined by Aristotle in the Poetics, a drama typically progresses through prologue, parodos, several epeisodia, and stasima, before exodus. The number of epeisodia varies by play and author.

Content and function: Each epeisodion presents the core dramatic action—conversations, revelations, confrontations, and plot developments carried by the actors. The chorus is present throughout, but the primary action lies in the spoken scenes of the epeisodion, while the chorus comments, questions, or reacts, often within the surrounding stasimon. This alternating pattern of episodes and choral songs gives Greek drama its characteristic rhythm.

Etymology and scope: The term comes from Greek epeisodion, usually glossed as “episode.” Episodes can be brief exchanges or longer sequences and are often organized around key turning points in the plot, such as reversals or discoveries that propel the story forward.

In performance and scholarship: The concept helps describe the architecture of classical tragedy and comedy, clarifying how action and commentary alternate on stage. Epeisodoi are a primary focus in analyses of plays by Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and later dramatists, illustrating how dramatic action is structured within the musical framework of Greek drama.