Enteroendokriinisia

Enteroendokriinisia refers to cells within the lining of the gastrointestinal tract that produce and secrete hormones. These cells, also known as enteroendocrine cells or endocrine cells of the gut, are scattered throughout the stomach and intestines. They represent the largest endocrine population in the human body. These cells act as sensory receptors, detecting luminal contents such as nutrients, bacteria, and pH changes. In response to these stimuli, they release a diverse array of peptide hormones into the bloodstream or surrounding tissues. These hormones play crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes.

Examples of hormones produced by enteroendokriinisia include gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin, and somatostatin. Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion, while secretin promotes bicarbonate release from the pancreas. CCK aids in fat digestion and satiety. Ghrelin is known as the "hunger hormone" and stimulates appetite, while somatostatin has inhibitory effects on the secretion of many gastrointestinal hormones. The coordinated action of these hormones secreted by enteroendokriinisia is vital for digestion, nutrient absorption, appetite control, and maintaining the overall homeostasis of the gastrointestinal system. Their dysfunction can contribute to various digestive disorders.