Endotél

Endotél refers to the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. These cells are also known as endothelial cells. The endotel forms a crucial barrier between the blood or lymph and the surrounding tissues. It plays a vital role in regulating the passage of substances in and out of the bloodstream, as well as mediating interactions between blood cells and the vessel wall. Functions of the endotel include maintaining vascular tone through the production of vasoactive substances, preventing blood clotting by producing antithrombotic factors, and participating in the inflammatory and immune responses. It is also involved in angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. The endotel is not merely a passive lining but an active, dynamic tissue that responds to various physiological and pathological stimuli. Disruptions to the endotel can contribute to a range of diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and sepsis.