Endoteiini1een

Endoteiini1een, also known as Endothelin-1 (ET-1), is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by endothelial cells. It plays a significant role in regulating blood pressure and vascular tone. ET-1 is synthesized as a precursor molecule and then processed into its active form, which consists of 21 amino acids.

The primary mechanism of ET-1 action involves binding to specific receptors on smooth muscle cells and other cell types. There are two main types of endothelin receptors: ETA and ETB. Binding to ETA receptors primarily causes vasoconstriction, leading to an increase in blood pressure. ETB receptors have a more complex role, mediating both vasoconstriction and vasodilation, depending on the specific cell type and location.

ET-1 is involved in various physiological processes, including vascular homeostasis, cell growth, and inflammation. However, elevated levels of ET-1 have been associated with several pathological conditions, such as hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, and certain types of cancer. Its potent vasoconstrictive properties contribute to the increased vascular resistance observed in these diseases.

Due to its significant role in cardiovascular diseases, ET-1 and its receptors have become targets for therapeutic interventions. Endothelin receptor antagonists are a class of drugs used to treat conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension by blocking the action of ET-1, thereby promoting vasodilation and reducing blood pressure. Research continues to explore the multifaceted roles of ET-1 in health and disease.