Elp5

Elp5 is a protein found in various organisms, including humans. It belongs to the ELOVL elongase family, which plays a crucial role in the synthesis of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). VLCFAs are essential components of cell membranes and are involved in numerous biological processes, such as lipid metabolism, signal transduction, and keratinization.

The gene encoding Elp5 is known as ELOVL5. This gene is highly conserved across species, suggesting its importance in fundamental cellular functions. Elp5 is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of a fatty acid-CoA precursor with malonyl-CoA, extending the fatty acid chain by two carbon atoms. This enzymatic activity is a rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of VLCFAs.

Dysfunction or deficiency in Elp5 has been linked to various health issues. In humans, mutations in the ELOVL5 gene have been associated with ichthyosis, a group of skin disorders characterized by dry, scaling skin. These conditions often involve impaired skin barrier function and can manifest with neurological abnormalities. Research is ongoing to fully understand the diverse roles of Elp5 and the implications of its altered activity in different physiological and pathological contexts. Its involvement in lipid metabolism makes it a potential target for therapeutic interventions in metabolic diseases and skin disorders.