Elektrofiziológiát

Elektrofiziológiát is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage changes or electric currents that occur in or around these cells. This field is crucial for understanding the function of the nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord, as well as muscles and the heart. Neurons and muscle cells generate and conduct electrical impulses, known as action potentials, which are fundamental to their activity.

The primary techniques used in electrophysiology include recording electrical signals from individual cells or groups of cells using microelectrodes. These recordings can be made in vivo (within a living organism) or in vitro (in a laboratory setting). Electrophysiology helps in diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of neurological and cardiac conditions. For instance, electroencephalography (EEG) measures electrical activity in the brain, while electrocardiography (ECG) records the electrical activity of the heart.

Research in electrophysiology has led to significant advancements in our understanding of brain function, learning, memory, and sensory perception. It also plays a vital role in the development of treatments for neurological disorders like epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease, as well as cardiac arrhythmias. The field continues to evolve with new technologies, allowing for more precise and comprehensive measurements of bioelectrical phenomena.