Eiendomsform

Eiendomsform refers to the legal form by which property or other assets are owned, and it determines the rights and obligations of the owners, together with related aspects such as control, transfer, taxation, and inheritance. In Norwegian law, the concept covers both private and collective forms of ownership for real estate and other assets, and it is registered in property documents and land registry systems.

Common eiendomsformer for real estate in Norway include several distinct models. Private or sole ownership (privat eier) means one person or a private entity holds full title to a property and has primary responsibility for its use and disposal. Sameie is a joint ownership form where two or more owners hold shares in a property, typically with shared rights to common areas and arrangements governed by a by-law; this form is common for buildings and housing where residents own parts of a larger structure. Borettslag is a housing cooperative arrangement where residents own shares in a corporation that owns the building, and each member has the right to use a specific dwelling plus a cooperative governance structure. Eierseksjon is a form of ownership where a unit within a multi-unit building has a separate title, with common parts owned collectively by all unit owners. Aksje- eller selskapsbasert eierskap (for example through et aksjeselskap) involves private or corporate ownership of property via a company, which may hold commercial or residential real estate on behalf of shareholders.

The chosen eiendomsform influences rights of use, decision-making power, liability, financing options, and tax treatment, as well as inheritance and succession. The form is recorded in official property records (matrikkel) and contractual documents, and changing the form typically requires legal processes and consent from relevant authorities.