Efedriini

Efedriini is a naturally occurring stimulant found in plants of the Ephedra genus. It is chemically related to amphetamines and acts as both a sympathomimetic agent, meaning it mimics the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline, and a central nervous system stimulant. Historically, various Ephedra species have been used in traditional medicine for respiratory ailments, as a decongestant, and as an appetite suppressant.

In modern pharmacology, efedriini is used as a bronchodilator to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. It is also found in some over-the-counter decongestant and weight-loss supplements, although its use in these products has become more restricted due to potential side effects. Efedriini can increase heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. Potential adverse effects include nervousness, insomnia, dizziness, and in more severe cases, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke, and seizures. Due to these risks, efedriini and products containing it are subject to various regulations in different countries. Its stimulant properties have also led to its misuse as a performance-enhancing drug and a recreational stimulant.