ELISAtutkimukset

ELISAtutkimukset, or Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays, are a common laboratory technique used for detecting and quantifying substances such as antibodies, antigens, proteins, and hormones. The assay relies on the specific binding of an antibody to its corresponding antigen. In a typical ELISA, a solid surface, often a microplate, is coated with either an antibody or an antigen. The sample containing the substance to be detected is then added. If the substance is present, it will bind to the immobilized component. Next, a second antibody, often conjugated to an enzyme, is added. This enzyme-linked antibody will bind to the captured substance, creating a sandwich. Finally, a substrate is added, which the enzyme converts into a detectable signal, usually a color change. The intensity of this signal is proportional to the amount of the target substance in the sample. ELISAtutkimukset are widely used in medical diagnostics for detecting infections, autoimmune diseases, and allergies, as well as in research for analyzing biological samples. They are valued for their sensitivity, specificity, and relative ease of use.