Druckbegrenzungsventile

Druckbegrenzung, or pressure limiting, describes the use of devices and methods that prevent a system from exceeding a specified maximum pressure. The aim is to safeguard equipment, piping networks, and people from overpressure-related failures by either limiting pressure buildup or releasing excess energy as needed.

Common implementations include pressure relief valves (Sicherheitsventile) that automatically open at a preset pressure to vent the process fluid and then reseal once the pressure falls below the cracking pressure; pressure regulators that maintain a chosen downstream pressure by modulating flow; bursting discs (Bruchscheiben) designed to fail at a defined pressure to provide immediate relief; and fusible plugs or other temperature-sensitive devices that trigger relief when temperatures drive pressure up too quickly.

Applications span industrial process plants, boilers, pipelines, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, gas cylinders, and consumer appliances such as water heaters and espresso machines. In medical devices and anesthesia equipment, pressure limiting protects patients by capping airway or circulation pressures.

Implementation relies on selecting appropriate setpoints, materials, and response characteristics, and adheres to standards such as ISO 4126 for safety devices, EN 13445 or ASME BPVC for pressure vessels, and national regulations. Regular testing, calibration, maintenance, and documentation ensure reliability and prevent nuisance venting or failure to relieve under overpressure conditions.