Dodatkowe

Dodatkowe is a Polish adjective meaning additional or extra. It is used to describe items, features, information, or costs that accompany the main subject or complete it in some way. The term is common in everyday language as well as in official and technical contexts.

Grammatical notes: The form of dodatkowe changes with gender and number. Masculine singular is dodatkowy, feminine singular is dodatkowa, while neuter singular and all plural forms are dodatkowe. In most sentences it appears before the noun it modifies (attributive use), for example dodatkowe informacje or dodatkowe koszty. It can also appear in predicative constructions, though this is less common.

Etymology: Dodatkowe derives from the root dodat- related to dodatek, meaning an addition or supplement. The related adverb is dodatkowo, meaning additionally or in addition. These forms share the same semantic core of something that supplements what exists.

Usage and examples: The word is widely used across domains. In education it appears as dodatkowe zajęcia (extracurricular classes). In finance or commerce: dodatkowe koszty (additional costs), dodatkowe opłaty (additional charges). In technology and products: dodatkowe funkcje (additional features), dodatkowe możliwości (additional capabilities). In medicine or research: dodatkowe badania (additional tests). The term helps distinguish between core and supplementary elements.

See also: dodatek, the noun meaning an addition or supplement; dodatkowo, the adverb meaning in addition or additionally; and dodatkowy, the masculine form of the adjective.