Dineinin

Dineinin is a protein complex found in eukaryotic cells that plays a crucial role in intracellular transport. It acts as a molecular motor, moving along microtubules to transport cargo such as organelles, vesicles, and macromolecules from the cell's center towards the cell periphery. This movement is powered by the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

The dineinin complex is composed of several subunits, with the heavy chains forming the motor domains that interact with microtubules. The light intermediate and light chains are responsible for binding to specific cargo molecules. This ability to link diverse cargo to the microtubule network makes dineinin essential for cellular organization and function.

Key cellular processes reliant on dineinin activity include the movement of organelles like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, the transport of neurotransmitters in neurons, and the positioning of the nucleus within the cell. It is also involved in cell division, contributing to the movement of chromosomes. Disruptions in dineinin function are associated with various human diseases, highlighting its vital importance. Research continues to explore its intricate mechanisms and therapeutic potential.