Diffraktiokaistanan

Diffraktiokaistanan, also known as diffraction grating, is an optical component that disperses light into its constituent wavelengths, creating a spectrum. It consists of a large number of closely spaced parallel lines or grooves, typically ruled on a glass or plastic substrate. When light passes through or is reflected off a diffraction grating, it undergoes diffraction, which is the bending of waves around the edges of an obstacle or through an aperture.

The spacing of the lines or grooves in a diffraction grating determines its resolving power, which is the ability to separate closely spaced wavelengths. The closer the lines, the higher the resolving power. Diffraction gratings are used in various applications, including spectroscopy, where they are used to analyze the composition of light sources, and in optical instruments such as spectrometers and monochromators.

There are two main types of diffraction gratings: transmission gratings and reflection gratings. Transmission gratings allow light to pass through the grating and are typically used in applications where the light source is behind the grating. Reflection gratings, on the other hand, reflect light off the grating and are used when the light source is in front of the grating.

Diffraction gratings can be fabricated using various methods, including mechanical ruling, holographic recording, and electron beam lithography. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of method depends on the specific requirements of the application.