DiffUtil

DiffUtil is a utility class in the Android Jetpack library that calculates the difference between two lists and outputs a list of update operations that can be used to update a RecyclerView. It is designed to efficiently update a RecyclerView's adapter when the underlying data set changes.

To use DiffUtil, you create a callback that extends `DiffUtil.Callback`. This callback provides methods to determine the size of both lists, check if two items represent the same object, and check if two items have the same data. DiffUtil then uses this information to compare the old and new lists.

Once the comparison is complete, `DiffUtil.calculateDiff()` returns a `DiffResult`. This `DiffResult` contains information about the changes, such as inserted, removed, or changed items. You can then dispatch these update operations to your RecyclerView's adapter using methods like `notifyItemRangeInserted()`, `notifyItemRangeRemoved()`, and `notifyItemRangeChanged()`.

The primary benefit of using DiffUtil is performance. Manually notifying the adapter of every change can be inefficient, especially for large lists. DiffUtil intelligently identifies only the necessary updates, leading to smoother scrolling and a more responsive user interface. It handles complex scenarios like reordering of items seamlessly. Using DiffUtil significantly improves the user experience by minimizing UI updates.