Desmopresyna

Desmopresyna is a synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring hormone vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). It is primarily used to treat conditions related to insufficient antidiuretic hormone production or function. The main therapeutic applications of desmopresyna are in managing central diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting).

In central diabetes insipidus, the body does not produce enough vasopressin, leading to excessive thirst and urination. Desmopresyna replaces the missing hormone, reducing the volume of urine produced and alleviating these symptoms. It works by acting on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption, thus concentrating the urine.

For nocturnal enuresis, desmopresyna helps to reduce the amount of urine produced by the kidneys overnight. This can be particularly helpful for children and adults who experience involuntary urination during sleep. It is typically administered in the evening before bedtime.

Desmopresyna is available in various formulations, including nasal spray, oral tablets, and oral lyophilisates (dissolvable tablets). The route of administration and dosage are determined by the specific condition being treated and the patient's individual needs. It is important to use desmopresyna as prescribed by a healthcare professional, as excessive use can lead to water intoxication and hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood), which can be a serious condition. Side effects can include headache, nausea, and abdominal pain.