Descamació

Descamació is a term used in dermatology to describe the shedding of the outermost layer of skin, the epidermis. This shedding process is a natural and continuous phenomenon where dead skin cells are replaced by new ones. Normally, this process is so gradual that it is not noticeable. However, certain conditions can cause a more prominent and visible desquamation.

Causes of increased desquamation can vary widely. They include physiological factors like aging, which can alter skin cell turnover. Environmental factors such as excessive sun exposure, dry air, or exposure to harsh chemicals can also disrupt the skin barrier and lead to peeling. Medical conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections, and certain autoimmune diseases are common culprits for significant desquamation. Additionally, some medications, particularly retinoids or chemotherapy drugs, can induce skin peeling as a side effect.

The appearance of desquamation can range from fine, powdery flakes to larger, visible sheets of skin. It can be accompanied by other symptoms like redness, itching, or tenderness, depending on the underlying cause. Diagnosis typically involves a visual examination by a healthcare professional, and sometimes a skin biopsy or further tests may be required to pinpoint the exact reason for the excessive shedding. Treatment strategies are aimed at addressing the underlying cause and restoring the skin's natural barrier function, often involving moisturizers, topical medications, or systemic therapies.