Decíduo

Decíduo is a term used in botany to describe plants that shed their leaves annually, typically during autumn or a dry season. This shedding process is a survival adaptation to conserve water and energy during periods of unfavorable conditions such as cold temperatures or drought. Deciduous trees and shrubs often display vibrant colors in their leaves before they fall, a phenomenon known as autumn foliage. The loss of leaves helps prevent damage from frost and reduces water loss through transpiration when water availability is limited.

The life cycle of a deciduous plant involves a period of active growth and photosynthesis during favorable seasons, followed by a dormant phase characterized by leaf abscission and reduced metabolic activity. As conditions improve, new leaves emerge from buds, and the plant resumes its growth. This cycle of growth and dormancy is a defining characteristic of deciduous vegetation, distinguishing it from evergreen plants which retain their leaves throughout the year. Examples of deciduous plants include oak trees, maple trees, and many species of flowering shrubs. The ecological impact of deciduous forests is significant, contributing to nutrient cycling and providing habitat for a diverse range of wildlife.