Deadbandarvoja

Deadbandarvoja, or deadband values, refer to the width of the deadband in a control or sensing system. The deadband is a range of input values around a reference point (the setpoint) within which the actuator output does not change. The deadband value is the size of this range, typically specified in the units of the input (volts, degrees, or percentage of full scale).

Operation is typically described with two thresholds around the setpoint. If the measured variable exceeds the upper threshold (setpoint plus the deadband), the actuator switches in one direction; if it falls below the lower threshold (setpoint minus the deadband), the actuator switches in the opposite direction. Within the band, the current state is maintained. This behavior is a form of hysteresis and helps reduce chattering caused by noise, jitter, or minor fluctuations in the signal.

Variations include symmetric deadbands, where the same width applies on both sides of the setpoint, and asymmetric deadbands, where the widths differ depending on direction. Deadbands can be fixed or adaptive, changing based on operating conditions or performance goals.

Applications and trade-offs: Larger deadbands reduce switching and wear but increase response lag and steady-state error; smaller deadbands improve precision but can be more sensitive to noise. Common uses include thermostats, relays, valve control, and other actuators where unwanted switching should be avoided.

Example: A room thermostat might turn heating on when the temperature drops 0.5 degrees below the target and turn it off when it rises 0.5 degrees above, creating a 1-degree deadband.

See also: Hysteresis, Deadzone, Control theory.