Datentransporte

Datentransport refers to the movement of digital information from one location to another. In information technology, it is the process that carries data across networks, between devices, or from storage systems to consumers. It is distinct from data processing and data storage and focuses on the reliable, timely, and secure delivery of data payloads.

Key components include the transport media (fiber, copper, wireless), the transport network (local area networks, wide area networks, the public Internet), and transport protocols that govern how data is packaged and delivered. The most widely used transport protocols are TCP and UDP, which provide different trade-offs between reliability and latency. Routing, switching, and congestion control determine how data traverses the network.

Performance metrics: bandwidth, latency, jitter, packet loss, and throughput. Quality of Service (QoS) and traffic engineering aim to meet service requirements. Error handling via retransmission, sequencing, and flow control ensures data integrity.

Security considerations: data in transit can be protected by encryption (TLS, IPsec), authentication, and integrity checks; virtual private networks (VPNs) and secure tunnels are used for remote communication; integrity via message authentication codes (MACs); mitigation of interception and tampering.

Applications: web requests, streaming, file transfer, cloud replication, disaster recovery, inter-data center transport. The field encompasses both the underlying physical and logical networks and the protocols and practices that ensure data reaches its destination accurately and securely.