Dórico

Dórico refers to a style of classical architecture, one of the three orders of ancient Greek architecture, the other two being Ionic and Corinthian. It is the oldest and simplest of the Greek orders, characterized by its sturdy and massive proportions. The Doric order originated in the Dorian region of Greece and its development can be traced back to the 7th century BCE.

Key features of the Doric order include plain, fluted columns that rest directly on the temple floor, known as the stylobate, without a base. The shaft of the column is typically thick and tapers slightly towards the top. At the top of the column is the capital, which consists of a simple echinus (a cushion-like molding) and an abacus (a square slab). Above the capital is the entablature, which is divided into three parts: the architrave, the frieze, and the cornice. The Doric frieze is distinctive for its alternating triglyphs (panels with three vertical grooves) and metopes (square panels, often decorated with sculptures). The cornice is the projecting molding that crowns the structure.

Doric temples are known for their sense of strength and stability. Famous examples of Doric architecture include the Parthenon in Athens, the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, and the Temple of Hephaestus, also in Athens. This order was widely adopted throughout the Greek world and later by the Romans, who adapted it to their own architectural traditions, often referred to as Roman Doric, which typically included a base for the columns. The Doric order continued to influence architectural styles throughout history, appearing in Neoclassical and other revivalist movements.