Currus

Currus is a Latin word that broadly translates to "chariot" or "carriage." In ancient Roman society, the term encompassed a variety of wheeled vehicles, though its most common association is with the light, two-wheeled war chariot used in earlier periods of Roman history and by neighboring cultures. These chariots were typically drawn by two horses and were characterized by their speed and maneuverability, making them effective for cavalry charges and for transporting individuals of high status.

Over time, the meaning of currus evolved. By the late Roman Republic and Empire, it also referred to more elaborate, four-wheeled carriages used for travel and processions. These could be more comfortable and luxurious, accommodating passengers and their belongings. The design and construction of a currus varied significantly depending on its intended purpose, from the spartan simplicity of a war chariot to the ornate decoration of a ceremonial carriage.

The image of the currus remained potent in Roman culture, symbolizing power, victory, and status. Chariot races were a popular form of entertainment, and depictions of chariots frequently appeared in art, coinage, and literature. The term's versatility allowed it to describe a range of vehicles, reflecting the evolving transportation needs and technologies of the Roman world.