Csontvelfolyadék

Csontvelőfolyadék refers to the fluid found within the bone marrow. This fluid plays a crucial role in the production and development of blood cells, a process known as hematopoiesis. It is a complex mixture containing various components, including water, electrolytes, proteins, lipids, and importantly, hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells. These stem cells are multipotent, meaning they have the ability to differentiate into all types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

The bone marrow is primarily located in the spongy or cancellous portions of long bones and flat bones. Within this environment, the csontvelőfolyadék acts as a medium for cell proliferation, maturation, and release into the bloodstream. The composition and cellularity of this fluid can provide valuable diagnostic information. For instance, analyzing the types and numbers of cells present can help identify various hematological disorders, such as leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes. Medical professionals can obtain a sample of this fluid through a procedure called a bone marrow aspiration or biopsy, which is often performed on the hip bone. The examination of csontvelőfolyadék is a cornerstone in the diagnosis and management of many blood-related diseases.