Costosternal

Costosternal refers to the anatomical junction between a rib and the sternum, or breastbone. These articulations are also known as sternocostal joints. There are typically seven pairs of these joints, formed by the articulation of the costal cartilages of the true ribs (ribs 1-7) with the sternum. The first rib articulates with the manubrium of the sternum, while ribs 2-7 articulate with specific facets on the sternum, including the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process. The costosternal joints are classified as synovial joints, specifically plane or gliding joints, allowing for limited movement. This movement is crucial for respiration, enabling the chest cavity to expand and contract. Dysfunction or inflammation in these joints can lead to costosternal syndrome, characterized by chest pain. The stability of these joints is maintained by ligaments such as the radiate sternocostal ligaments and the anterior and posterior sternocostal ligaments.