Correlational
Correlational is an adjective used in statistics to describe a relationship between two or more variables in which changes in one variable tend to be associated with changes in another, without experimental manipulation. Researchers use correlational methods to quantify the strength and direction of associations using observed data.
A correlation coefficient expresses the degree of linear association. Pearson's r ranges from -1 to +1, with
Correlational research designs include cross-sectional studies that measure variables at a single time point and longitudinal
In practice, correlational analyses are used across disciplines (psychology, economics, epidemiology) for hypothesis generation, risk assessment,