ClONO2

ClONO2, also known as chlorine nitrate, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ClONO2. It is a highly reactive and unstable substance, typically encountered as a colorless gas or liquid. Its structure consists of a chlorine atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which is further bonded to a nitrogen atom, which is in turn bonded to two more oxygen atoms. This arrangement makes it a mixed anhydride of nitric acid and hypochlorous acid.

Chlorine nitrate plays a significant role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly in the stratosphere. It is a key component in the chemical cycles that lead to the depletion of stratospheric ozone. In the polar stratosphere, during winter, ClONO2 can react with hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the surface of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). This reaction converts HCl into more reactive chlorine species. When sunlight returns in the spring, these reactive chlorine species are released and catalytically destroy ozone molecules.

Due to its instability and reactivity, ClONO2 is not typically produced or stored for commercial purposes. Its presence is primarily studied in the context of atmospheric science and environmental research. The compound is sensitive to heat and light, decomposing readily. Its formation in the atmosphere is a natural process, but its impact on ozone depletion is a subject of environmental concern and scientific investigation.