Cirkulationspump

Circulation pump, known as cirkulationspump in Swedish, is a pump used to circulate liquids in a closed loop within heating, cooling, or hot-water systems. In buildings, circulation pumps move water from a heat source through radiators, underfloor heating circuits, or domestic hot-water pipes to deliver heated water promptly and to reduce standby losses.

Most circulations pumps are centrifugal devices driven by electric motors. They create continuous circulation through a loop, with flow and temperature controlled by thermostats, sensors, and building-management systems. Many modern pumps use variable-speed (ECM or PWM) motors, which adjust the pump head to match demand and save energy.

Common configurations include inline and end-suction pumps, single-stage or multi-stage units, and different motor types. Some installations employ bypass valves to prevent excessive flow or hot-water overheating, particularly in domestic hot-water recirculation loops.

Applications span residential heating systems, domestic hot-water recirculation, solar thermal loops, and larger district or process-heating networks. Key efficiency considerations include selecting enough head and flow for the circuit, enabling variable-speed operation, correct pipe sizing, and effective temperature controls to minimize energy use while maintaining comfort.

Maintenance is generally limited to periodic checks for leaks and secure mounting, along with purging air from closed loops and verifying sensors. Lifespan varies with use and quality, but pumps are typically replaced only after many years or due to bearing wear or corrosion.