Chemikalia

Chemikalia is a general term used to describe chemical substances and products derived from chemical processes. In everyday and technical usage, it covers elements, simple and complex compounds, and mixtures prepared for research, manufacturing, agriculture, medicine, and consumer use.

Chemikalia are typically categorized as inorganic or organic; as substances (pure elements or compounds) or as mixtures (solutions, emulsions, suspensions). Within these groups lies a range of subcategories such as specialty chemicals (catalysts, polymers, electronic materials) and consumer chemicals (detergents, paints, cosmetics). Hazard information is conveyed using system classifications.

Regulation: Production, handling, labeling, and disposal of chemikalia are regulated to protect health and the environment. Safety data sheets provide hazard and handling information. Regulatory systems include the European Union's REACH and CLP, the United States' TSCA and OSHA frameworks, and corresponding programs worldwide. Transport and storage follow guidelines on containment, ventilation, compatibility, and spill response.

Environmental and social aspects: The chemical life cycle includes sourcing of raw materials, manufacturing emissions, use in products, and end-of-life management. Efforts focus on reducing emissions, improving efficiency, and enabling recycling. Public health considerations include exposure risk, toxicology data, and emergency response planning. Overall, chemikalia play a central role in science and modern economies, while requiring careful management to minimize risks.