Cassino

Cassino is a town and comune in the Lazio region of central Italy, in the province of Frosinone. It lies on the Liri River near the base of Monte Cassino, in the foothills of the Apennines. The area has a long history, with roots in ancient Samnite and Roman times, and the town grew around the hilltop monastery that dominates its landscape.

The most prominent landmark is the Monte Cassino Abbey, a Benedictine monastery founded in 529 by Saint Benedict. For centuries it was a major center of learning, culture, and religious life in Western Europe. The abbey and the surrounding area have remained an important religious and cultural site, attracting pilgrims and visitors interested in medieval monasticism and hill-top architecture.

Cassino played a central role in World War II. In 1944, the Battle of Monte Cassino pitted Allied forces against German defenders along the Gustav Line and led to heavy fighting and extensive destruction in the town and its surroundings. The abbey suffered damage during the battle, though it was subsequently rebuilt. The nearby Cassino War Cemetery and other memorials commemorate the military engagements of that period.

In the contemporary period, Cassino maintains a mixed economy that includes agriculture in the surrounding lowlands, small manufacturing and services, and a growing role for tourism related to the abbey, historical sites, and the landscape of the Liri valley. The town is connected by rail and road, linking it with Rome, Naples, and other parts of central Italy.