Cardit

Cardit, also known as carditis, is a general term referring to inflammation of the heart muscle, known as myocarditis, or inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, known as pericarditis. While often used interchangeably, carditis specifically denotes inflammation affecting the myocardium, while pericarditis refers to inflammation of the pericardium.

The causes of carditis can be diverse, including viral infections, bacterial infections, autoimmune diseases, certain medications, and exposure to toxins. Viral infections are a common culprit, with coxsackieviruses and adenoviruses being frequently implicated. Autoimmune conditions like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can also trigger inflammation in the heart.

Symptoms of carditis can vary depending on the severity and location of the inflammation. They may include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, heart palpitations, fever, and swelling in the legs and feet. In some cases, carditis can lead to more serious complications such as heart failure or arrhythmias.

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and blood tests. Imaging techniques like MRI can also provide detailed information about the heart's structure and function.

Treatment for carditis aims to address the underlying cause and manage symptoms. This may involve medications to reduce inflammation, treat infections, or manage heart failure. In severe cases, more intensive treatments or surgery might be necessary. Prognosis depends on the underlying cause, the extent of inflammation, and the promptness of treatment.