Calton

Calton refers primarily to a place name in Scotland, especially in Edinburgh, where Calton Hill is a prominent feature of the city and the name designates the surrounding district. The hill lies just northeast of Edinburgh's Old Town and rises over the city, forming a public park and a historic viewpoint. It is known for a cluster of neoclassical monuments and for views across the New Town and Princes Street.

On the hill are several notable structures: the National Monument, an unfinished 19th-century monument intended to resemble the Parthenon; the Nelson Monument, a tall column erected in memory of Admiral Nelson; and the Dugald Stewart Monument, a small white rotunda designed by William Henry Playfair, dedicated to the philosopher Dugald Stewart. The area has historical ties to Edinburgh's 18th- and 19th-century expansion and features architecture by prominent architects of the period.

The name Calton also appears in the wider Edinburgh area and in other places in Scotland as a toponym; it is used in street names and districts associated with the city's topography. Beyond Scotland, Calton is used as a surname and the name of several distant or former British locales, reflecting historical settlement patterns.