Calciumsalzes

Calciumsalzes are chemical compounds composed of calcium ions (Ca2+) coordinated with various anions to form salts. They arise from reactions between calcium-containing species and acids or from precipitation of calcium with inorganic or organic anions. Common examples include calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, calcium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, and calcium oxalate.

The properties of calcium salts vary widely with the accompanying anion. Some, like calcium chloride, are highly soluble in water, while others, such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and calcium phosphate, are only sparingly soluble. Insoluble or sparingly soluble calcium salts can contribute to hardness in water or aggregate in deposits. Calcium oxalate is notably poorly soluble and can form kidney stones in susceptible individuals.

Natural occurrence and production are tied to geology and industrial chemistry. Calcium salts occur widely in rocks and minerals, for example calcium carbonate in limestone and marble, calcium sulfate in gypsum, and calcium phosphate in apatite. Industrially, they are produced by neutralization reactions between calcium sources (such as calcium hydroxide or lime) and acids, or by direct extraction from mineral deposits. They are also formed as byproducts in various processes.

Applications span nutrition, medicine, industry, and environmental management. Dietary calcium salts, including calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, and calcium lactate, serve as calcium supplements and antacids. In food processing, calcium salts act as stabilizers, leavening agents, or calcium fortifiers. Calcium carbonate is a major filler in paper and plastics, while calcium sulfate is used in plaster and drywall. Calcium salts also play roles in water treatment, de-icing, and agricultural soil conditioning. Safety and regulatory considerations reflect typical calcium salt profiles, with attention to dosage in supplements and potential effects on drug absorption or kidney stone risk.

See also calcium hydroxide, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate.